diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3c3629e --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitignore @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +node_modules diff --git a/1205HOFnapier_Fig.jpg b/1205HOFnapier_Fig.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..94d8630 Binary files /dev/null and b/1205HOFnapier_Fig.jpg differ diff --git a/13 column ledger paper.jpg b/13 column ledger paper.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fa42d9d Binary files /dev/null and b/13 column ledger paper.jpg differ diff --git a/5 MB punched cards-1960s.jpg b/5 MB punched cards-1960s.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4438cce Binary files /dev/null and b/5 MB punched cards-1960s.jpg differ diff --git a/A Spreadsheet Way of Knowledge — Backchannel — Medium.pdf b/A Spreadsheet Way of Knowledge — Backchannel — Medium.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..85fe6f8 Binary files /dev/null and b/A Spreadsheet Way of Knowledge — Backchannel — Medium.pdf differ diff --git a/ARRA 1 Computer-first dutch computer.jpg b/ARRA 1 Computer-first dutch computer.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3660290 Binary files /dev/null and b/ARRA 1 Computer-first dutch computer.jpg differ diff --git a/Adding Machines.pdf b/Adding Machines.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3ed10cb Binary files /dev/null and b/Adding Machines.pdf differ diff --git a/Alan Kay's KiddieKomp Computer diagram_.gif b/Alan Kay's KiddieKomp Computer diagram_.gif new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f1aa7e5 Binary files /dev/null and b/Alan Kay's KiddieKomp Computer diagram_.gif differ diff --git a/Alan Turing.jpg b/Alan Turing.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0bed1e2 Binary files /dev/null and b/Alan Turing.jpg differ diff --git a/Arithmometer_Veuve_Payen_Last to be manufactured 1914.png b/Arithmometer_Veuve_Payen_Last to be manufactured 1914.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..315424e Binary files /dev/null and b/Arithmometer_Veuve_Payen_Last to be manufactured 1914.png differ diff --git a/Baltimore Social Security office_ca 1937.jpg b/Baltimore Social Security office_ca 1937.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..47104e0 Binary files /dev/null and b/Baltimore Social Security office_ca 1937.jpg differ diff --git a/Barnes_Alan Kay-Transforming the Computer into a Communication Medium_2007.pdf b/Barnes_Alan Kay-Transforming the Computer into a Communication Medium_2007.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f48f4f6 Binary files /dev/null and b/Barnes_Alan Kay-Transforming the Computer into a Communication Medium_2007.pdf differ diff --git a/Briggs.Arithmetica logarithmica.1624.critica logarithms.jpg b/Briggs.Arithmetica logarithmica.1624.critica logarithms.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a671cf6 Binary files /dev/null and b/Briggs.Arithmetica logarithmica.1624.critica logarithms.jpg differ diff --git a/Briggs_Arithmetica_logarithmica_1624.jpg b/Briggs_Arithmetica_logarithmica_1624.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..56de070 Binary files /dev/null and b/Briggs_Arithmetica_logarithmica_1624.jpg differ diff --git a/Capurro_Past present and future of the concept of information_2009.pdf b/Capurro_Past present and future of the concept of information_2009.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..788f26b Binary files /dev/null and b/Capurro_Past present and future of the concept of information_2009.pdf differ diff --git a/Computation Notes 9-3-2015.pages b/Computation Notes 9-3-2015.pages new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9e02e37 Binary files /dev/null and b/Computation Notes 9-3-2015.pages differ diff --git a/Computation Project - a proposal.pages b/Computation Project - a proposal.pages new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5dc3baf Binary files /dev/null and b/Computation Project - a proposal.pages differ diff --git a/Copeland_Computation_2004.pdf b/Copeland_Computation_2004.pdf new file mode 100755 index 0000000..174a3f3 Binary files /dev/null and b/Copeland_Computation_2004.pdf differ diff --git a/Distributed computing in 1924.jpg b/Distributed computing in 1924.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a4879ee Binary files /dev/null and b/Distributed computing in 1924.jpg differ diff --git a/Doug Engelbart's Presentation - 9-12-1968.jpg b/Doug Engelbart's Presentation - 9-12-1968.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8b7162d Binary files /dev/null and b/Doug Engelbart's Presentation - 9-12-1968.jpg differ diff --git a/Early NASA Computers (women).jpg b/Early NASA Computers (women).jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..11021dc Binary files /dev/null and b/Early NASA Computers (women).jpg differ diff --git a/Early_1920s_Veterans_Bureau_Calculating_WWI_Vet_Bonuses_LOC.jpg b/Early_1920s_Veterans_Bureau_Calculating_WWI_Vet_Bonuses_LOC.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ba7e28a Binary files /dev/null and b/Early_1920s_Veterans_Bureau_Calculating_WWI_Vet_Bonuses_LOC.jpg differ diff --git a/First Computer Bug Grace Hopper.jpg b/First Computer Bug Grace Hopper.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0882163 Binary files /dev/null and b/First Computer Bug Grace Hopper.jpg differ diff --git a/French hairdressers into computers.jpg b/French hairdressers into computers.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5ce5f15 Binary files /dev/null and b/French hairdressers into computers.jpg differ diff --git a/Geniac-Electronic brain from 1957.png b/Geniac-Electronic brain from 1957.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..24c47b8 Binary files /dev/null and b/Geniac-Electronic brain from 1957.png differ diff --git a/Gilles Deleuze - The Exhausted.pdf b/Gilles Deleuze - The Exhausted.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6af3df5 Binary files /dev/null and b/Gilles Deleuze - The Exhausted.pdf differ diff --git a/Grier-CarpetForcomputingRoom.pdf b/Grier-CarpetForcomputingRoom.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2e0a291 Binary files /dev/null and b/Grier-CarpetForcomputingRoom.pdf differ diff --git a/History of Computation - 16-19th Century Work.pdf b/History of Computation - 16-19th Century Work.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5c14bae Binary files /dev/null and b/History of Computation - 16-19th Century Work.pdf differ diff --git a/Hollerith Census Card.gif b/Hollerith Census Card.gif new file mode 100644 index 0000000..37aa049 Binary files /dev/null and b/Hollerith Census Card.gif differ diff --git a/Leibniz_ArithmetiqueBinaire.pdf b/Leibniz_ArithmetiqueBinaire.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dc64821 Binary files /dev/null and b/Leibniz_ArithmetiqueBinaire.pdf differ diff --git a/Leibniz_Stepped_Reckoner_drawing.png b/Leibniz_Stepped_Reckoner_drawing.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..694454b Binary files /dev/null and b/Leibniz_Stepped_Reckoner_drawing.png differ diff --git a/MR1418.deviates.pdf b/MR1418.deviates.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b5655aa Binary files /dev/null and b/MR1418.deviates.pdf differ diff --git a/Macie Roberts computing group circa 1955.jpg b/Macie Roberts computing group circa 1955.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ac83304 Binary files /dev/null and b/Macie Roberts computing group circa 1955.jpg differ diff --git a/National Research Counil bibliography of mathematical tables and other aids to computation_1939.pdf b/National Research Counil bibliography of mathematical tables and other aids to computation_1939.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..41cdea9 Binary files /dev/null and b/National Research Counil bibliography of mathematical tables and other aids to computation_1939.pdf differ diff --git a/OED-Computer.jpg b/OED-Computer.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f2d505e Binary files /dev/null and b/OED-Computer.jpg differ diff --git a/Pickering_The Cybernetic Brain Sketches of Another Future_2010 copy.pdf b/Pickering_The Cybernetic Brain Sketches of Another Future_2010 copy.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2c95f39 Binary files /dev/null and b/Pickering_The Cybernetic Brain Sketches of Another Future_2010 copy.pdf differ diff --git a/Prentice_Calculating machines calculating women-redesigning astronomical and scientific computation in Britian 1915-1946_2000.pdf b/Prentice_Calculating machines calculating women-redesigning astronomical and scientific computation in Britian 1915-1946_2000.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7727b66 Binary files /dev/null and b/Prentice_Calculating machines calculating women-redesigning astronomical and scientific computation in Britian 1915-1946_2000.pdf differ diff --git a/Punched card sorter-icepick.jpg b/Punched card sorter-icepick.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9e29cb2 Binary files /dev/null and b/Punched card sorter-icepick.jpg differ diff --git a/RCA_Tables of Trigonometric Functions and Non-sexagesimal arguements_1943.pdf b/RCA_Tables of Trigonometric Functions and Non-sexagesimal arguements_1943.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2aed0a3 Binary files /dev/null and b/RCA_Tables of Trigonometric Functions and Non-sexagesimal arguements_1943.pdf differ diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..784c139 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +###... compute / reckon ... + +![](http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/ibm100/images/icp/R133983Y24616B87/us__en_us__ibm100__tabulator__punched_card__620x350.jpg) + + +* see index.md diff --git a/Ready Reckoner.jpg b/Ready Reckoner.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2fd9893 Binary files /dev/null and b/Ready Reckoner.jpg differ diff --git a/Skinner_The age of the female computers_2006.pdf b/Skinner_The age of the female computers_2006.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..387e7a5 Binary files /dev/null and b/Skinner_The age of the female computers_2006.pdf differ diff --git a/Social Security original punched data card 1937.jpg b/Social Security original punched data card 1937.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8544707 Binary files /dev/null and b/Social Security original punched data card 1937.jpg differ diff --git a/Stibitz-KModel.jpg b/Stibitz-KModel.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9b420f4 Binary files /dev/null and b/Stibitz-KModel.jpg differ diff --git a/Storage of IBM record cards at the Federal records center in Alexandria, Virginia, November 1959.jpg b/Storage of IBM record cards at the Federal records center in Alexandria, Virginia, November 1959.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..254feb0 Binary files /dev/null and b/Storage of IBM record cards at the Federal records center in Alexandria, Virginia, November 1959.jpg differ diff --git a/The Whetstone of Witte - Addition.png b/The Whetstone of Witte - Addition.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ae3d0c7 Binary files /dev/null and b/The Whetstone of Witte - Addition.png differ diff --git a/The Whetstone of Witte - Multiplication.png b/The Whetstone of Witte - Multiplication.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a9403b3 Binary files /dev/null and b/The Whetstone of Witte - Multiplication.png differ diff --git a/The Whetstone of Witte.png b/The Whetstone of Witte.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..338d5cf Binary files /dev/null and b/The Whetstone of Witte.png differ diff --git a/Turing---Digital-Computers.jpg b/Turing---Digital-Computers.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cf905de Binary files /dev/null and b/Turing---Digital-Computers.jpg differ diff --git a/Turing_Computing machinery and intelligence_1950.docx b/Turing_Computing machinery and intelligence_1950.docx new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c899e80 Binary files /dev/null and b/Turing_Computing machinery and intelligence_1950.docx differ diff --git a/Turing_Computing machinery and intelligence_1950_ORIGINAL.pdf b/Turing_Computing machinery and intelligence_1950_ORIGINAL.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..85965ca Binary files /dev/null and b/Turing_Computing machinery and intelligence_1950_ORIGINAL.pdf differ diff --git a/Turing_Computing-machinery-and-intelligence_1950_ORIGINAL.jpg b/Turing_Computing-machinery-and-intelligence_1950_ORIGINAL.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f6cc4d9 Binary files /dev/null and b/Turing_Computing-machinery-and-intelligence_1950_ORIGINAL.jpg differ diff --git a/Turing_On Computable Numbers_1936.pdf b/Turing_On Computable Numbers_1936.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5f09bff Binary files /dev/null and b/Turing_On Computable Numbers_1936.pdf differ diff --git a/VonNeumann-EDVAC-2003-08-TheFirstDraft.pdf b/VonNeumann-EDVAC-2003-08-TheFirstDraft.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7fe8ed4 Binary files /dev/null and b/VonNeumann-EDVAC-2003-08-TheFirstDraft.pdf differ diff --git a/VonNeumann56-LOGIC-AUTOMATA-ERROR-REDUNDANCY.pdf b/VonNeumann56-LOGIC-AUTOMATA-ERROR-REDUNDANCY.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e47819f Binary files /dev/null and b/VonNeumann56-LOGIC-AUTOMATA-ERROR-REDUNDANCY.pdf differ diff --git a/VonNeumann_PlanningCoding.pdf b/VonNeumann_PlanningCoding.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..13601a2 Binary files /dev/null and b/VonNeumann_PlanningCoding.pdf differ diff --git a/Wikipedia_Computational Logic.pdf b/Wikipedia_Computational Logic.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0d6b17e Binary files /dev/null and b/Wikipedia_Computational Logic.pdf differ diff --git a/Women Computers in World War II - GHN: IEEE Global History Network.pdf b/Women Computers in World War II - GHN: IEEE Global History Network.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fa70e09 Binary files /dev/null and b/Women Computers in World War II - GHN: IEEE Global History Network.pdf differ diff --git a/Women computers in WW2.jpg b/Women computers in WW2.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bb54973 Binary files /dev/null and b/Women computers in WW2.jpg differ diff --git a/_prose.yml b/_prose.yml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d2e2ae3 --- /dev/null +++ b/_prose.yml @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +prose: + media: 'img' \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/all computer logic gates.gif b/all computer logic gates.gif new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a14da00 Binary files /dev/null and b/all computer logic gates.gif differ diff --git a/computation-OED.pdf b/computation-OED.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..117533e Binary files /dev/null and b/computation-OED.pdf differ diff --git a/export.js b/export.js new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c05e88a --- /dev/null +++ b/export.js @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +var fs = require('fs') +var gs = require('ghostscript') +var path = require('path') + +var reckon_path = "." +var export_path = "export" +var index_name = "index.json" + +if(!fs.existsSync(export_path)) + fs.mkdirSync(export_path); + +var index = []; +var index_path = path.join(export_path, index_name); +if(fs.existsSync(index_path)) + index = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(index_path, 'utf8')); + + +fs.readdir(reckon_path, function(err, files) { + if(err) + throw err; + files.map(function (f) { + return {"name" : f, "path" : path.join(reckon_path, f)}; + }).filter(function (f) { + return (fs.statSync(f.path).isFile() && path.extname(f.path) === '.pdf' && !exists(f.name)); + }).forEach(function (f) { + var img_fname = extract_img(f.path); + var entry = {} + entry.name = f.name; + entry.imgs = []; + entry.imgs.push(img_fname); + index.push(entry); + }) + + var index_content = JSON.stringify(index, null, 2); + fs.writeFile(index_path, index_content, function(err) { + if(err) return console.log(err); + console.log(index_path + '>' + index_content); + }); + +}); + + + +function extract_img(file) { + + var out_name = path.basename(file) + ".png" + var out = path.join(export_path, out_name); + + gs() + .batch() + .quiet() + .nopause() + .device('pngalpha') + .input(file) + .output(out) + .r(72) + .spawn(); + + return out_name; + +} + +function exists(fname) { + for (var e in index) { + if(index[e].name === fname) + return true; + } + return false; +} diff --git a/export/A Spreadsheet Way of Knowledge — Backchannel — Medium.pdf.png b/export/A Spreadsheet Way of Knowledge — Backchannel — Medium.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..58c484c Binary files /dev/null and b/export/A Spreadsheet Way of Knowledge — Backchannel — Medium.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/Adding Machines.pdf.png b/export/Adding Machines.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f78db70 Binary files /dev/null and b/export/Adding Machines.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/Barnes_Alan Kay-Transforming the Computer into a Communication Medium_2007.pdf.png b/export/Barnes_Alan Kay-Transforming the Computer into a Communication Medium_2007.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..406bc23 Binary files /dev/null and b/export/Barnes_Alan Kay-Transforming the Computer into a Communication Medium_2007.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/Capurro_Past present and future of the concept of information_2009.pdf.png b/export/Capurro_Past present and future of the concept of information_2009.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..761a68d Binary files /dev/null and b/export/Capurro_Past present and future of the concept of information_2009.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/Copeland_Computation_2004.pdf.png b/export/Copeland_Computation_2004.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b4ea860 Binary files /dev/null and b/export/Copeland_Computation_2004.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/Gilles Deleuze - The Exhausted.pdf.png b/export/Gilles Deleuze - The Exhausted.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..69148c4 Binary files /dev/null and b/export/Gilles Deleuze - The Exhausted.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/Grier-CarpetForcomputingRoom.pdf.png b/export/Grier-CarpetForcomputingRoom.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..393ed44 Binary files /dev/null and b/export/Grier-CarpetForcomputingRoom.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/History of Computation - 16-19th Century Work.pdf.png b/export/History of Computation - 16-19th Century Work.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..be3d1a9 Binary files /dev/null and b/export/History of Computation - 16-19th Century Work.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/Leibniz_ArithmetiqueBinaire.pdf.png b/export/Leibniz_ArithmetiqueBinaire.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6e60bd0 Binary files /dev/null and b/export/Leibniz_ArithmetiqueBinaire.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/MR1418.deviates.pdf.png b/export/MR1418.deviates.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f749b5a Binary files /dev/null and b/export/MR1418.deviates.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/National Research Counil bibliography of mathematical tables and other aids to computation_1939.pdf.png b/export/National Research Counil bibliography of mathematical tables and other aids to computation_1939.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1d08e26 Binary files /dev/null and b/export/National Research Counil bibliography of mathematical tables and other aids to computation_1939.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/Pickering_The Cybernetic Brain Sketches of Another Future_2010 copy.pdf.png b/export/Pickering_The Cybernetic Brain Sketches of Another Future_2010 copy.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..107e2b7 Binary files /dev/null and b/export/Pickering_The Cybernetic Brain Sketches of Another Future_2010 copy.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/Prentice_Calculating machines calculating women-redesigning astronomical and scientific computation in Britian 1915-1946_2000.pdf.png b/export/Prentice_Calculating machines calculating women-redesigning astronomical and scientific computation in Britian 1915-1946_2000.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..22c7add Binary files /dev/null and b/export/Prentice_Calculating machines calculating women-redesigning astronomical and scientific computation in Britian 1915-1946_2000.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/RCA_Tables of Trigonometric Functions and Non-sexagesimal arguements_1943.pdf.png b/export/RCA_Tables of Trigonometric Functions and Non-sexagesimal arguements_1943.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..86af980 Binary files /dev/null and b/export/RCA_Tables of Trigonometric Functions and Non-sexagesimal arguements_1943.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/Skinner_The age of the female computers_2006.pdf.png b/export/Skinner_The age of the female computers_2006.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f3b268a Binary files /dev/null and b/export/Skinner_The age of the female computers_2006.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/Turing_Computing machinery and intelligence_1950_ORIGINAL.pdf.png b/export/Turing_Computing machinery and intelligence_1950_ORIGINAL.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9f3e958 Binary files /dev/null and b/export/Turing_Computing machinery and intelligence_1950_ORIGINAL.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/Turing_On Computable Numbers_1936.pdf.png b/export/Turing_On Computable Numbers_1936.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a8630e5 Binary files /dev/null and b/export/Turing_On Computable Numbers_1936.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/VonNeumann-EDVAC-2003-08-TheFirstDraft.pdf.png b/export/VonNeumann-EDVAC-2003-08-TheFirstDraft.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9fe87b2 Binary files /dev/null and b/export/VonNeumann-EDVAC-2003-08-TheFirstDraft.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/VonNeumann56-LOGIC-AUTOMATA-ERROR-REDUNDANCY.pdf.png b/export/VonNeumann56-LOGIC-AUTOMATA-ERROR-REDUNDANCY.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..270a109 Binary files /dev/null and b/export/VonNeumann56-LOGIC-AUTOMATA-ERROR-REDUNDANCY.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/VonNeumann_PlanningCoding.pdf.png b/export/VonNeumann_PlanningCoding.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dc8f911 Binary files /dev/null and b/export/VonNeumann_PlanningCoding.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/Wikipedia_Computational Logic.pdf.png b/export/Wikipedia_Computational Logic.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dedd0b7 Binary files /dev/null and b/export/Wikipedia_Computational Logic.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/Women Computers in World War II - GHN: IEEE Global History Network.pdf.png b/export/Women Computers in World War II - GHN: IEEE Global History Network.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6fd993a Binary files /dev/null and b/export/Women Computers in World War II - GHN: IEEE Global History Network.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/computation-OED.pdf.png b/export/computation-OED.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dfad343 Binary files /dev/null and b/export/computation-OED.pdf.png differ diff --git a/export/index.json b/export/index.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b30d984 --- /dev/null +++ b/export/index.json @@ -0,0 +1,146 @@ +[ + { + "name": "A Spreadsheet Way of Knowledge — Backchannel — Medium.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "A Spreadsheet Way of Knowledge — Backchannel — Medium.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "Adding Machines.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "Adding Machines.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "Barnes_Alan Kay-Transforming the Computer into a Communication Medium_2007.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "Barnes_Alan Kay-Transforming the Computer into a Communication Medium_2007.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "Capurro_Past present and future of the concept of information_2009.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "Capurro_Past present and future of the concept of information_2009.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "Copeland_Computation_2004.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "Copeland_Computation_2004.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "Gilles Deleuze - The Exhausted.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "Gilles Deleuze - The Exhausted.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "Grier-CarpetForcomputingRoom.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "Grier-CarpetForcomputingRoom.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "History of Computation - 16-19th Century Work.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "History of Computation - 16-19th Century Work.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "Leibniz_ArithmetiqueBinaire.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "Leibniz_ArithmetiqueBinaire.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "MR1418.deviates.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "MR1418.deviates.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "National Research Counil bibliography of mathematical tables and other aids to computation_1939.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "National Research Counil bibliography of mathematical tables and other aids to computation_1939.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "Pickering_The Cybernetic Brain Sketches of Another Future_2010 copy.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "Pickering_The Cybernetic Brain Sketches of Another Future_2010 copy.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "Prentice_Calculating machines calculating women-redesigning astronomical and scientific computation in Britian 1915-1946_2000.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "Prentice_Calculating machines calculating women-redesigning astronomical and scientific computation in Britian 1915-1946_2000.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "RCA_Tables of Trigonometric Functions and Non-sexagesimal arguements_1943.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "RCA_Tables of Trigonometric Functions and Non-sexagesimal arguements_1943.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "Skinner_The age of the female computers_2006.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "Skinner_The age of the female computers_2006.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "Turing_Computing machinery and intelligence_1950_ORIGINAL.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "Turing_Computing machinery and intelligence_1950_ORIGINAL.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "Turing_On Computable Numbers_1936.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "Turing_On Computable Numbers_1936.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "VonNeumann-EDVAC-2003-08-TheFirstDraft.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "VonNeumann-EDVAC-2003-08-TheFirstDraft.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "VonNeumann56-LOGIC-AUTOMATA-ERROR-REDUNDANCY.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "VonNeumann56-LOGIC-AUTOMATA-ERROR-REDUNDANCY.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "VonNeumann_PlanningCoding.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "VonNeumann_PlanningCoding.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "Wikipedia_Computational Logic.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "Wikipedia_Computational Logic.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "Women Computers in World War II - GHN: IEEE Global History Network.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "Women Computers in World War II - GHN: IEEE Global History Network.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "computation-OED.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "computation-OED.pdf.png" + ] + }, + { + "name": "reckon, v. : Oxford English Dictionary.pdf", + "imgs": [ + "reckon, v. : Oxford English Dictionary.pdf.png" + ] + } +] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/export/reckon, v. : Oxford English Dictionary.pdf.png b/export/reckon, v. : Oxford English Dictionary.pdf.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..efd01cd Binary files /dev/null and b/export/reckon, v. : Oxford English Dictionary.pdf.png differ diff --git a/index.js b/index.js new file mode 100644 index 0000000..37d913f --- /dev/null +++ b/index.js @@ -0,0 +1,141 @@ +var nodegit = require('nodegit') +var path = require('path') +var fs = require('fs') + +var all = [] + +var git_data = [] + +var cnt = 0; + +var export_path = 'export'; +//var export_path = '/Users/gauthiier/Desktop/vbox/reckon_export/export'; +var export_index_fname = 'index.json'; +var export_index = null; + +var template = ''; + +var imgs_list_ext_valid = ['.png', '.jpeg', '.jpg', '.gif'] + +fs.readFile('template.html', 'utf8', function(err, data) { + if(err) console.log(err); + template = data; +}); + +// hmm... +var export_index_path = path.join(export_path, export_index_fname); +if(fs.existsSync(export_index_path)) + export_index = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(export_index_path, 'utf8')); + +nodegit.Repository.open(path.resolve(__dirname, './.git')) + .then(function(repo) { + return repo.getBranchCommit('prototype'); + }) + .then(function(first_commit) { + var history = first_commit.history(nodegit.Revwalk.SORT.REVERSE); + //var history = first_commit.history(nodegit.Revwalk.SORT.TIME); + + history.on("commit", function(commit) { + + var entry = {}; + + entry.commit = commit.sha(); + entry.author = commit.author().name(); + entry.date = commit.date(); + entry.raw = commit.rawHeader(); + entry.message = commit.message().replace('\n', ' — '); + entry.files = []; + + + commit.getTree() + .then(function (tree) { + var entries = tree.entries(); + + for(e in entries) { + var ep = entries[e].path(); + if(all.indexOf(ep) != -1) continue; + all.push(ep); + entry.files.push(ep); + } + + }); + + git_data.push(entry); + + }); + + history.on("end", function() { + var body = ''; + git_data.reverse(); + for(var i in git_data) + body += emit_git_entry(git_data[i]); + console.log(template.replace('[[_export_]]', body)); + }); + + history.start(); + + }) + .done(); + +function emit_git_entry(entry) { + + var html = '\n'; + + html += '\n' + + html += '

Commit: ' + entry.commit + '

\n'; + + html += ' ' + entry.date + '\n'; + + html += '

' + entry.message + '

\n'; + + html += ' \n'; + + for(var q in entry.files) { + html += ' ' + emit_git_content(entry.files[q]); + } + + html += ' \n'; + + return html + '\n' +} + +function emit_git_content(c) { + + + if(!fs.existsSync(path.join('.', c))) return ''; + if(!fs.statSync(path.join('.', c)).isFile()) return ''; + + var ext = path.extname(c); + + if(imgs_list_ext_valid.indexOf(ext) != -1) + return '\n'; + else if(ext === '.pdf') { + return '' + emit_git_content_pdf(c) + ''; + } else { + return '' + c + '\n'; + } + +} + +function emit_git_content_pdf(c) { + + var index = exists(c); + if(!index) return ''; + + return '\n'; + +} + +/// hmmm.... +function exists(fname) { + + if(!export_index) return null; + for (var e in export_index) { + if(export_index[e].name === fname) + return export_index[e]; + } + return null; +} + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/index.md b/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..739a09d --- /dev/null +++ b/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,112 @@ +![](http://www.bobmockford.co.uk/calculating/reckoner/Ready%20Reckoner.jpg) + +## reckon |ˈrɛk(ə)n| +verb + +1. [ with obj. ] establish by calculation: his debts were **reckoned at** _£300,000 | the Byzantine year was reckoned from 1 September._ + * (**reckon someone/thing among**) include someone or something in (a class or group): _the society can reckon among its members males of the royal blood._ +2. [ with clause ] informal be of the opinion: _he reckons that the army should pull out entirely | I reckon I can manage that._ + * [ with obj. and complement ] consider or regard in a specified way: _the event was reckoned a failure._ + * [ no obj. ] (**reckon on/to**) informal have a specified view or opinion of: _‘What do you reckon on this place?’ she asked._ + * [ with obj. ] Brit. informal rate highly: _I don't reckon his chances._ +3. [ no obj. ] (**reckon on**) rely on or be sure of: _they had reckoned on a day or two more of privacy._ + * [ with infinitive ] informal expect to do a particular thing: _I reckon to get away by two-thirty._ + +## reckoning |ˈrɛk(ə)nɪŋ| +noun [ mass noun ] + +1. the action or process of calculating or estimating something: _the sixth, or by another reckoning eleventh, Earl of Mar._ + * a person's opinion or judgement: by ancient reckoning, bacteria are plants. + * [ count noun ] archaic a bill or account, or its settlement. +2. the avenging or punishing of past mistakes or misdeeds: _the fear of being brought to reckoning_ | [ count noun ] : _there will be a terrible reckoning._ +3. (**the reckoning**) contention for a place in a team or among the winners of a contest: he has hit the sort of form which could thrust him into **the reckoning**. + +ORIGIN Old English _(ge)recenian_‘recount, relate’, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch _**rekenen**_ and German _**rechnen ‘to count (up)’**_. Early senses included ‘give an account of items received’ and ‘mention things in order’, which gave rise to the notion of ‘calculation’ and hence of ‘being of an opinion’. + +---- + +![](http://www.cbi.umn.edu/hostedpublications/Tomash/Images%20web%20site/Image%20files/R%20Images/images/Ready%20Reckoner.calcul%20des%20paymens.1691.sample%20table%20page.jpg) + +---- + +[Things that Count](http://metastudies.net/pmwiki/pmwiki.php?n=Site.TheModernEpochAndTheEmergenceOfTheModernCalculator) + +---- + +John Stuart Mill, _A System of Logic: Ratiocinative and Inductive_ + +_Whenever the nature of the subject permits our reasoning processes to be, without danger, carried on mechanically, the language should be constructed on as mechanical principles as possible; while in the contrary case, it should be so constructed that there shall be the greatest possible obstacles to a merely mechanical use of it._ + +[John Stuart Mill, _A System of Logic: Ratiocinative and Inductive_, Vol. II p.260](http://www.gutenberg.org/files/35421/35421-h/35421-h.htm#Page_289) + +---- + +## compute |kəmˈpjuːt| +verb [ with obj. ] +reckon or calculate (a figure or amount): _the hire charge is computed on a daily basis._ +* [ no obj., with negative ] informal seem reasonable; make sense: _the idea of a woman alone in a pub did not compute._[from the phrase _does not compute_, once used as an error message in computing.] + +ORIGIN early 17th cent.: from French _**computer**_ or Latin _**computare**_, **_from com- ‘together’ + putare ‘to settle (an account)’_**. + +---- + +![http://www.tnmoc.org/explore/colossus-gallery](http://img.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2007/11_02/ColossusoldDM_1000x693.jpg) + +---- + +[Turing, A.M. (1950). Computing machinery and intelligence. Mind, 59, 433-460.](http://loebner.net/Prizef/TuringArticle.html) + +> 4 Digital Computers + +> The idea behind digital computers may be explained by saying that these machines are intended to carry out any operations which could be done by a human computer. The human computer is supposed to be following fixed rules; he has no authority to deviate from them in any detail. We may suppose that these rules are supplied in a book, which is altered whenever he is put on to a new job. He has also an unlimited supply of paper on which he does his calculations. He may also do his multiplications and additions on a "desk machine," but this is not important. + +> [...] + +> The book of rules which we have described our human computer as using is of course a convenient fiction. Actual human computers really remember what they have got to do. If one wants to make a machine mimic the behaviour of the human computer in some complex operation one has to ask him how it is done, and then translate the answer into the form of an instruction table. Constructing instruction tables is usually described as "programming." To "programme a machine to carry out the operation A" means to put the appropriate instruction table into the machine so that it will do A. + +> An interesting variant on the idea of a digital computer is a "digital computer with a random element." These have instructions involving the throwing of a die or some equivalent electronic process; one such instruction might for instance be, "Throw the die and put the-resulting number into store 1000." Sometimes such a machine is described as having free will (though I would not use this phrase myself), It is not normally possible to determine from observing a machine whether it has a random element, for a similar effect can be produced by such devices as making the choices depend on the digits of the decimal for . + +> Most actual digital computers have only a finite store. There is no theoretical difficulty in the idea of a computer with an unlimited store. Of course only a finite part can have been used at any one time. Likewise only a finite amount can have been constructed, but we can imagine more and more being added as required. Such computers have special theoretical interest and will be called infinitive capacity computers. + +---- +![](http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/still-image/Bush-Vannevar/bush_vannevar_differential_analyzer.c1930.102618648.lg.jpg) +---- + +Norber Wiener, _Cybernetics_ + +> To accomplish reason able results in a reasonable time, it thus became necessary to push the speed of the elementary processes to the maximum, and to avoid interrupting the stream of these processes by steps of an essentially slower nature. It also became necessary to perform the individual processes with so high a degree of accuracy that the enormous repetition of the elementary processes should not bring about a cumulative error so great as to swamp all accuracy. Thus the following requirements were suggested: + +>1. That the central adding and multiplying apparatus of the computing machine should be numerical, as in an ordinary adding machine, rather than on a basis of measurement, as in the Bush differential analyzer. +2. That these mechanisms, which are essentially switching devices, should depend on electronic tubes rather than on gears or mechanical relays, in order to secure quicker action. +3. That, in accordance with the policy adopted in some existing apparatus of the Bell Telephone Laboratories, it would probably be more economical in apparatus to adopt the scale of two for addition and multiplication, rather than the scale of ten. +4. That the entire sequence of operations be laid out on the machine itself so that there should be no human intervention from the time the data were entered until the final results should be taken off, and that all logical decisions necessary for this should be built into the machine itself. +5. That the machine contain an apparatus for the storage of data which should record them quickly, hold them firmly until erasure, read them quickly, erase them quickly, and then be immediately available for the storage of new material. + +-- Norber Wiener, _Cybernetics_ 1948 p.4 + +---- + +Claude Shannon, _A symbolic analysis of relay and switching circuits_ + +![](img/shannon.png) + +-- [Claude Shannon, _A symbolic analysis of relay and switching circuits_, MIT M.Sc Thesis](http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/11173) + +---- + +George Boole, _The Mathematical Analysis of Logic_ + +> We might justly assign it as the definitive character of a true Calculus, that it is a method resting upon the employment of Symbols, whose laws of combination are known and general, and whose results admit of a consistent interpretation. That to the existing forms of Analysis a quantitative interpretation is assigned, is the result of the circumstances by which those forms were determined, and is not to be construed into a universal condition of Analysis. It is upon the foundation of this general principle, that I purpose to establish the Calculus of Logic, and that I claim for it a place among the acknowledged forms of Mathematical Analysis, regardless that in its object and in its instruments it must at present stand alone. + +[George Boole, _The Mathematical Analysis of Logic: Being an Essay Towards a Calculus of Deductive Reasoning_ p.4](http://www.gutenberg.org/files/36884/36884-pdf.pdf?session_id=8cb262941aa0df95dff4520e00b3aa7060799906) + +---- + +Leibnitz. _Explication de l’arithmétique binaire_ + +![](img/leibniz-calcul-binaire.png) + +[Godefroy-Guillaume Leibnitz. _Explication de l’arithmétique binaire, qui se sert des seuls caractères O et I avec des remarques sur son utilité et sur ce qu’elle donne le sens des anciennes figures chinoises de Fohy_. Mémoires de mathématique et de physique de l’Académie royale des sciences, Académie royale des sciences, 1703.](img/Leibniz_ArithmetiqueBinaire.pdf) + + + diff --git a/ledger of slave picked cotton_1840-1860.jpg b/ledger of slave picked cotton_1840-1860.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cc588ad Binary files /dev/null and b/ledger of slave picked cotton_1840-1860.jpg differ diff --git a/ledgers.jpg b/ledgers.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6c36112 Binary files /dev/null and b/ledgers.jpg differ diff --git a/leibniz-calcul-binaire.png b/leibniz-calcul-binaire.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ed4bac2 Binary files /dev/null and b/leibniz-calcul-binaire.png differ diff --git a/napierrods_27640_md.gif b/napierrods_27640_md.gif new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f29153e Binary files /dev/null and b/napierrods_27640_md.gif differ diff --git a/package.json b/package.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7005e9f --- /dev/null +++ b/package.json @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +{ + "name": "reckon", + "version": "0.0.0", + "description": "Reckoning Histories of Computation", + "main": "index.js", + "scripts": { + "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1" + }, + "repository": { + "type": "git", + "url": "https://github.com/gauthiier/reckon.git" + }, + "keywords": [ + "Arcades", + "Project" + ], + "author": "gauthiier", + "license": "ISC", + "bugs": { + "url": "https://github.com/gauthiier/reckon/issues" + }, + "homepage": "https://github.com/gauthiier/reckon", + "dependencies": { + "ghostscript": "https://github.com/gauthiier/node-ghostscript/tarball/master", + "nodegit": "^0.4.0" + }, + "scripts" : { + "export": "node export.js", + "index": "node index.js > index.html" + } +} diff --git a/pascaline.jpg b/pascaline.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0d45356 Binary files /dev/null and b/pascaline.jpg differ diff --git a/reckon, v. : Oxford English Dictionary.pdf b/reckon, v. : Oxford English Dictionary.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..197f760 Binary files /dev/null and b/reckon, v. : Oxford English Dictionary.pdf differ diff --git a/reckon.css b/reckon.css new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4bb10f1 --- /dev/null +++ b/reckon.css @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +body { + font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, Georgia, serif; + background-color: #ffff99; + bbackground-color: #e9d6a8; + bbackground-color: #eeeeee; +} + +#listing { + width: 100%; +} + +#title { + margin-left: auto; + margin-right: auto; + text-align: center; + margin: 3em; +} + +entry { + display: block; + width: 75%; + border: 1px solid grey; + min-width: 650px; + margin-top: 0.6em; + padding: 0.6em; + background-color: #ffffcc; + margin-left: auto; + margin-right: auto; +} + +commit { + display: block; +} + +content { + display: block; +} + +content img { + max-width: 300px; + border: 1px solid grey; + background-color: white; +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/shannon.png b/shannon.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..292c3b3 Binary files /dev/null and b/shannon.png differ diff --git a/template.html b/template.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0d953c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/template.html @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ + + + + + Performing Histories of Computation + + +
+

Performing Histories of Computation

+ [[_export_]] +
+ +